Chimeras are not everything

All variegated plants are not chimeras.

Norris et al. (1) presented data that "unequivocally support the idea of multilayer development of adventitious shoots from chimeral African violet leaf tissue" and concluded therefore that "adventitious shoots are of multicellular origin." Their conclusions, based on the recovery of variegated adventitious shoots regenerated from variegated leaves cultured in vitro, rely on the assumption that...

Not everything that counts can be counted; not everything that can be counted counts.

Not Enough Males ? Monoamines Change Everything !

Being a mother can be very hard work, and finding enough food to feed your young is risky and time-consuming. But some parasitoid species give their young the best start in life by having an energy-rich meal ready and waiting when they emerge from the egg. The catch is that this very nutritious breakfast is the body of a hapless victim, its muscles paralysed by the mother’s venom. However, not ...

Not Everything We Know We Learned

This is foremost a methodological contribution. It focuses on the foundation of anticipation and the pertinent implications that anticipation has on learning (theory and experiments). By definition, anticipation does not exhaust all the forms through which the future affects human activity. Accordingly, guessing, expectation, prediction, forecast, and planning will be defined in counter-distinc...

You can't not believe everything you read.

Can people comprehend assertions without believing them? Descartes (1644/1984) suggested that people can and should, whereas Spinoza (1677/1982) suggested that people should but cannot. Three experiments support the hypothesis that comprehension includes an initial belief in the information comprehended. Ss were exposed to false information about a criminal defendant (Experiments 1 and 2) or a ...